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 1.-A-An The differences between A and An have the same meaning. A and An are indefinite articles. The differences depend on the sound at the beginning of the following word. When the word begins with a consonant sound, A is used. Example: A book. Un libro When the next word begins with a vowel sound, An is used. Example: An apple. Una manzana The letter sound is important. An uncle, but a university. Un tío, pero una universidad This rule applies to all words after A or An (including adjectives, adverbs, etc.). A cold day. Un día frio An easy lesson. Una lección fácil  2.-Definite article-THE We use The with:      1. A singular or plural noun when it is clear/obvious what we are talking about, whether it is a person or a thing. Examples: There is a lamp in my bedroom Hay una lampara en mi habitación  The lamp is next to the desk La lampara está al lado del escritorio  The computer is on the table La computadora está en la mesa     ...

The "Used To" construction is used to express actions that used to occur frequently in the past, but now no longer occur at all.   Fórmulas Affirmative Personal + Used To + Verb in simple form + Complement    noun Negative Personal + Auxiliary + not + Use To + Verb in simple form + Complement   noun             did                         \_________/                                 |                             didn't Interrogative Auxiliary + Personal + Used To + Verb in simple form + Complement + ?     did              noun WH Questions WH Questions + Auxiliary + Personal + Used To + Verb in simple form + Complement + ?                ...

What is it for? The grammatical structure "going to" is used in English to talk about future actions that are already planned or that are very likely. Formulas Positive Subject + verb "to be" + going to + complement Negative Subject + verb "to be" + not + going to + complement Interrogative Verb "to be" + subject + going to + complement? Wh Wh-word + verb "to be" + subject + going to + complement? Short answers Yes, + subject + verb "to be" Examples Positivo I am going to study tonight Yo voy a estudiar esta noche. Negativo I am not going to sleep late Yo no voy a dormir tarde Interrogativo Are you going to visit grandma? ¿Vas a visitar a la abuela? WH questions What are you going to do tomorrow ¿Qué vas a hacer mañana?

The Present Perfect The Present Perfect is used to connect the past with the present, talking about actions that have relevance now, experiences, or actions that continue from the past. What is it used for? The present perfect connects the past with the present. We use it for: - Actions that continue in the present. - Life experiences (without specifying the time). - Past actions with a present result. - Actions that have just happened. - Actions in an unfinished period of time. FORMS: Affirmative: Personal noun + auxiliaries have/has + verb in participle + complement Negative: Personal noun + auxiliaries have/has + not + verb in participle + complement Interrogative: Auxiliaries have/has + personal noun + verb in participle + complement + ? Wh- Question: Wh-questions + auxiliaries have/has + personal noun + verb in participle + complement + ? Short Answers: Yes / No + personal noun + auxiliaries have/has (+ not for negative) With "have": I You We They With "has...

  This tense is used to talk about actions that were happening at a specific moment in the past. These actions were in progress and could have been interrupted by another action or simply happening during a particular time. Formulas Affirmative Personal Noun + Auxiliary (was/were) + Verb in Gerund + Complement Negative Personal Noun + Auxiliary (was/were) + Not + Verb in Gerund + Complement                                             (wasn’t / weren’t) Interrogative Auxiliary (was/were) + Personal Noun + Verb in Gerund + Complement + ? WH- Questions WH + Auxiliary (was/were) + Personal Noun + Verb in Gerund + Complement + ? Short Answers (+) Yes + Personal Noun + Auxiliary (was/were) (-) No + Personal Noun + Auxiliary (wasn’t / weren’t) Auxiliary Use I → was You → were He → was She → was It → was We → were They → were Examples (+) She was drawing a picture Ella estaba dibujando un dibujo (-) They weren’t cooking dinner Ellos no estaban cocinando la cena (?) Was he listening to musi...